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Model(模式,XML数据或者一组API)本身不知道将被怎么使用。实际的算法被委托给 View (视图),也就是 模板。模板方法是MVC的一个子集,不包括C。 在面向对象语言里,首先一个类使用虚函数实现一个基本的算法设计,然后的继承的子类里实现实际的方法。通用算法只实现一次,实际的步骤的具体的子类里修改。 使用: - 让子类实现可变的行为。 - 避免代码重复。找出算法中的通用代码,把变化的部分在子类中实现。 - 控制哪些可以子类化。即哪些可以重载。 例子: .. code-block:: java /** * An abstract class that is common to several games in * which players play against the others, but only one is * playing at a given time. / abstract class Game { protected int playersCount; abstract void initializeGame(); abstract void makePlay(int player); abstract boolean endOfGame(); abstract void printWinner(); / A template method : / final void playOneGame(int playersCount) { this.playersCount = playersCount; initializeGame(); int j = 0; while (!endOfGame()) { makePlay(j); j = (j + 1) % playersCount; } printWinner(); } } //Now we can extend this class in order to implement actual games: class Monopoly extends Game { / Implementation of necessary concrete methods */ void initializeGame() { // Initialize money } void makePlay(int player) { // Process one turn of player } boolean endOfGame() { // Return true of game ...